![]() ![]() Ferrofluids do not mix with water, so water-based elements such as paints and glow in the dark pigments are often added to produce colorful shapes. The art pieces include dynamic sculptures formed by the spikes of the ferrofluids, as well as various 2-D designs. Some artists manipulate ferrofluids with magnets to produce art. Some ferrofluid manufacturing companies sell just the ferrofluids for this purpose, while others develop and sell the entire seal package and do not sell the fluid separately, to ensure the correct usage. Ferrofluid is held in place by magnets, and such a seal prevents dust particles from the outside from entering the internal cavity of the hard drive and from damaging the disks. For example, they are used to seal off the internal section of a hard drive where the spindle motor, actuator, and magnetic platters are contained. In situations where using a liquid seal is appropriate, ferrofluids also come to our aid. The tendency of ferrofluids to move after the magnet is a property commonly used in various practical applications of ferrofluids that we consider below. These spikes are aligned with the magnetic field lines, and their height depends on how strong the magnetic field is (this depends on how close the magnet is to the ferrofluid). They react to the field by creating spikes, and as you move the magnet, the spikes move with it. ![]() It is fascinating to watch ferrofluids when a magnetic field acts upon them. Nanoscale particles are also made of ferromagnetic metals and some ferrimagnetic materials. The particles of magnetite in ferrofluids are not lodestone, however - they are only magnetized when the magnetic field acts upon them. We call these special natural magnets lodestone. We should note that in some special cases magnetite is a permanent magnet, meaning that under normal circumstances its magnetic properties are constant. Magnetite is a naturally-occurring mineral that can be magnetized easily. We talked about the carrier fluids for the nanoparticles, but what about the nanoparticles themselves? What are they made of? Sometimes they are particles of magnetite, a substance that displays magnetic properties. It can also be used to provide better cooling of a solenoid.įerrofluid can be used to form an elastic core in “soft” stretchable solenoids that can be used in modern stretchy and flexible (bendable) electronics such as wearable computers and biomedical monitoring devices. The ferrofluid also reduces the magnetic flux leakage in magnetic circuits. The ferrofluid decreases or even completely eliminates the noise and increases the magnetic force, which increases the compactness of solenoid actuators. Solenoid actuators are quite noisy, therefore sometimes solenoids include ferrofluid in gaps between the moving plunger and the coil spool. Where μ₀=4π × 10⁻⁷ H/m is the magnetic constant, N is the number of turns, I is the current, and L is the solenoid length. ![]() The magnetic field (another name is magnetic flux density) B of a long solenoid in air without a ferromagnetic core is calculated using the following formula Most often solenoids with ferromagnetic cores are used to convert electrical energy into linear motion, for example, in an automotive starter solenoid, which is used as a starter relay to provide current to the starter motor and to move the starter pinion of the starter motor into engagement with the flywheel of the engine. When an electric current passes through a solenoid, it produces a uniform magnetic field. A solenoid is a tightly wound coil with a length that is substantially greater than its diameter. ![]()
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