![]() The education sector (which includes higher education, tertiary, and primary and secondary education) saw the second highest number of days lost between June and December 2022. This industry includes both rail transport and postal and courier activities, which experienced strikes throughout this period. Transport, storage, information and communication consistently had the highest number of days lost because of industrial action from June 2022. Of these, over three-quarters (79%) came from workers in transport, storage, information and communication. In total, an estimated 2.472 million working days were lost between June and December 2022. ![]() This dataset will not reflect other peaks in working days lost that occurred before 1931.ĭownload this chart Figure 1: The highest number of working days lost in the UK was in September 1979 Image The highest number of working days lost was observed to be September 1979 for this time period. The data presented in this figure are taken from our Labour disputes in the UK dataset, which includes data collected from 1931 to 2022.Data for the period of January to May 2022 will be made available shortly. Estimates for the period of February 2020 to December 2021 are not available.December saw the highest recorded monthly total since November 2011, though this is still much lower than the number of days lost in the 1970s and 1980s (Figure 1). In June 2022, 93,000 days were lost, which rose to 461,000 in November and a further 83% increase to 843,000 in December 2022. The number of working days lost because of labour disputes has been increasing since summer 2022. For example, impacts of NHS strikes such as appointment cancellations would not be captured in spending or real time indicators. Strikes in certain industries may have impacts that are harder to capture in the data available. Strikes may impact data collection, which can disrupt time series or result in a lack of data to assess any effects. Although we present some data that may show impacts of strikes in certain periods, it is not possible to isolate how much of any change was because of strikes. Additionally, there have been other seasonal events, such as the bad weather that occurred in late December 2022. The period since June 2022 has seen not only an increase in strikes but several other major factors and events, including the rising cost of living, the death of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II and the first winter FIFA World Cup. Isolating impacts from strikes from other co-occurring events There are two main reasons why accurately measuring the full impact of strikes can be complicated. When postal services are disrupted, individuals may choose to purchase goods in person or switch to other postal delivery services, delay or bring forward purchases When children are out of school because of industrial action taken by teachers, parents or guardians may be unable to work to provide childcare or change their normal working patterns People may change their spending behaviours on days they are unable to travel if they have chosen to work from home In response to travel disruption, people may choose to work from home where that was not previously possible, or change the timings of any personal travel plans, where possible Some examples of typical responses may include: This then also results in impacts to the economy where the public and businesses may change their behaviours. The obvious impacts are where output may be lost in industries where strikes occur through reduced working hours. Strikes can impact society and the economy in a variety of ways which are not easily isolated when measuring the economy. Impacts of strikes Measuring the impacts of strikes After accounting for inflation, the real value of regular wages fell by 2.5% on the year in October to December 2022, as shown in our Average weekly earnings in Great Britain: February 2023 bulletin. Recent labour disputes have occurred in the wider context of the UK’s rising cost of living. Between 19, pay disputes accounted for around 75% of all working days lost because of workplace disputes. Pay disputes have been the most common cause of strikes in the years for which we have comparable data. They occur when working people withhold their labour to bargain for better pay and conditions. Our analysis of the history of strikes in the UK shows that since the late 1800s, strikes have become frequent occurrences in UK industrial relations. This article brings together a range of sources to explore the impact of the strikes that have taken place since the summer of 2022. Between June 2022 and February 2023 there have been increasing numbers of strikes occurring across a range of industries, including many parts of the rail and bus networks, postal workers, civil servants, teaching staff and NHS staff. ![]()
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